Allow applications to set the LUKS2 PBKDF

Aaron Rainboltrequested to merge
arraybolt/kpmcore:arraybolt3/pbkdf into master

Essentially the same as !43 (closed) (and entirely supersedes it), but with requested changes implemented. Note that I have not actually tested this code, but it's very straightforward and it compiles fine on Fedora 41.

Edited by Aaron Rainbolt

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